A two-step weighted least-squares method for joint estimation of source and sensor locations: A general framework

It is well known that the Two-step Weighted Least-Squares(TWLS) is a widely used method for source localization and sensor position refinement. For this reason, we propose a unified framework of the TWLS method for joint estimation of multiple disjoint sources and sensor locations in this paper. Unlike some existing works, the presented method is based on more general measurement model, and therefore it can be applied to many different localization scenarios.Besides, it does not have the initialization and local convergence problem. The closed-form expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed TWLS estimator is also derived by exploiting the first-order perturbation analysis. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the TWLS method is shown analytically to achieve the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB) before the threshold effect takes place. The theoretical analysis is also performed in a common mathematical framework, rather than aiming at some specific signal metrics. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to support the theoretical development in this paper.     

动态时频谱分析、探测和跟踪的随机有限集法

动态出现和消失多分量信号的时频分析问题一直是非平稳信号处理的难点之一。为此，提出了一种分析、探测和跟踪多分量信号的随机有限集法。该算法利用时频变换，如短时傅里叶变换或自适应谱估计法，以及多项式预测模型，将多分量信号的时频分析问题归纳成可利用随机有限集进行多目标追踪的问题。分析表明：借助于提出的初始权重赋值算法，以及谱分量幅度和频率的联合似然函数，就可利用高斯混合概率假设密度滤波器来实现对动态时频谱的分析、探测和跟踪。在仿真实验中，所提算法有效提升了动态时频谱的跟踪精度，其对微弱时频谱分量的探测能力，以及对载频差异的分析能力均优于文献报道的算法。     

叶盘耦合振动转/静子叶片数与节径数关系

针对航空发动机中叶盘结构的共振分析问题，通过研究气体激励力和叶盘节径型振动在转子坐标系下的数学表达形式，利用叶盘结构共振时，气体激励力需要对叶盘系统做正功的条件，推导了叶盘发生共振时，节径数与转/静子叶片数应满足的关系式dm=kNv-nNb。通过3个数值算例对上述关系式进行了阐述:从气动功和谐响应分析的角度验证了当上述关系存在时，且激励频率等于结构固有频率时，叶盘系统会发生危害共振；同时指出，当上述变量不满足上述关系时，若激励频率等于叶盘结构的固有频率，也会引起部分叶片发生较大振动的可能。      

一种基于非线性回归的载人航天器密封舱内在轨噪声分析方法

文章提出一种载人航天器密封舱内噪声非线性回归通用分析方法,可基于地面噪声试验测得的数量较多的数据样本和在轨噪声测试获取的少量数据样本,建立密封舱内位置–在轨噪声的数学模型。经验证该模型能够较为准确地拟合密封舱内在轨噪声水平,从而为开展载人航天器的降噪设计、优化噪声仿真模型和验证降噪措施效果提供数据支持。     

橡胶减振垫在航天器中的应用及验证

文章针对某航天器振动试验过程中出现的自锁阀及其安装支架振动响应放大问题,提出了一种采用橡胶减振垫的解决措施,给出了增加减振垫后设备安装的刚度模型及其分析,并通过振动试验验证了这种方法的有效性。试验结果表明:采用橡胶减振垫可以较好地解决部分航天器上仪器设备在振动环境条件下响应超标的问题,措施简单有效,满足使用要求,具有一定的推广应用价值。     

空间模拟碎片释放装置技术方案

为配合空间碎片主动清除技术的演示验证试验,提出了一种空间模拟碎片释放装置的技术方案:由模拟碎片及分离解锁装置组成。模拟碎片不具备任何合作特征,最初通过压紧杆与分离解锁装置相连,释放时由火工切割器切断压紧杆,模拟碎片在压缩弹簧的驱动下与分离解锁装置分离。最后,通过静载、模态、运动特性分析及分离解锁试验验证了该释放装置设计的正确性。     

弹射座椅弹射筒上连接头挂耳断裂失效分析与研究

本文对弹射座椅弹射筒上连接头挂耳断裂失效现象、安装位置和作用进行了简要介绍;对可能造成上连接头挂耳断裂失效的原材料、尺寸、生产过程、断口、设计及工况强度等主要因素进行了系统排查、分析和验证,最终,找准了零件失效的机理,并准确定位,验证有效,对航空产品提升抗疲劳性能的设计应用起到积极的指导和借鉴意义。     

拓扑优化方法在航空用钣金零件设计中的应用

为了满足航空产品高载重量及低耗油率的要求,采用拓扑优化技术对航空用钣金零件进行结构优化,实现了钣金零件强度高和重量轻的指标.案例分析表明,在航空用钣金零件初始设计阶段引入拓扑优化方法,会比设计过程中单纯使用结构尺寸优化和形状优化获得更大的经济效益.     

Evolution of airports from a network perspective——An analytical concept

Analyzing airports' role in global air transportation and monitoring their development over time provides an additional perspective on the dynamics of network evolution. In order to understand the different roles airports can play in the network an integrated and multi-dimensional approach is needed. Therefore, an approach to airport classification through hierarchi-cal clustering considering several parameters from network theory is presented in this paper. By applying a 29 year record of global flight data and calculating the conditional transition probabil-ities the results are displayed as an evolution graph similar to a discrete-time Markov chain. With this analytical concept the meaning of airports is analyzed from a network perspective and a new airport taxonomy is established. The presented methodology allows tracking the development of airports from certain categories into others over time. Results show that airports of equal classes run through similar stages of development with a limited number of alternatives, indicating clear evolutionary patterns. Apart from giving an overview of the results the paper illustrates the exact data-driven approach and suggests an evaluation scheme. The methodology can help the public and industry sector to make informed strategy decisions when it comes to air transportation infras-tructure.     

机载三股流板翅式冷凝器数值计算与实验研究

分析了翅片、隔板和流体的传热规律,采用有限容积法建立了包含相变流和交叉式在内的多股流板翅式换热器数学模型。基于蒸发制冷循环试验台,在4种工况条件下对机载交叉式三股流板翅式冷凝器换热性能进行了实验,并在特定工况下,通过温度场分析了各股流体间的换热特性。经数值计算与实验结果的对比,流体换热量的最大相对误差为8.08%,满足工程设计计算需求。通过定性分析,认为流体流量分配不均、相变流体潜热以及相变对流表面换热系数的计算是误差的主要来源。